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“We Live in Brooklyn, Baby”

Several weeks ago I attended the Roy Ayers concert at SummerStage (here’s the live performance) in Central Park. It was a gorgeous evening, with a crowd that probably represented six of the seven continents. When Ayers played Harry Whitaker‘s song, We Live in Brooklyn, Baby (originally recorded on Ayers’ 1971 album, He’s Coming), everyone knew it. The entire audience sang in unison “We live in Brooklyn, baby. We’re trying to make it, baby. We wanna make it, baby. We’re gonna make it, baby.” (link to the 1971 version)

It was an amazing feeling when we–people from Brooklyn, Manhattan, the Bronx, Queens, Staten Island…people from what looked to be everywhere and beyond–shared with each other our vision of Brooklyn. You could feel it too. Everyone who sang that song knew Brooklyn–had a connection to it in their own way. It started me thinking about the idea of Brooklyn. How has people’s ideas of what Brooklyn is and what it represents changed over the years? Who influenced/is influencing the idea of what Brooklyn is? Who is defining it?

So far, while working on the CLIR project here at BHS, I’ve come across many different ideas of what Brooklyn is and how it should be remembered. Our archival, photography, oral history, and map collections are filled with people’s ideas of Brooklyn. Further, I’m not the only one thinking about what and who makes Brooklyn, Brooklyn. Currently at BHS, we have an excellent exhibit that explores the idea of Brooklyn–Inventing Brooklyn: People, Places, Progress. The March/April 2011 issue of City Limits Magazine also explored the idea of Brooklyn, or rather how we define Brooklyn. And last night, at the Skylight Gallery located within Restoration Plaza, a new exhibit opened, Crown Heights Gold: Examining Race Relations and Healing in Crown Heights, that explores various views of one neighborhood in Brooklyn and one event that took place there, the Crown Height Riots of 1991. (Note: BHS is also hosting an event with the curator of Crown Heights Gold, Dexter Wimberly, and two of the artists from the exhibit on August 11, 2011; for more on Crown Heights, see BHS’s oral history collection: Crown Heights Oral History-Listen To This)

If you too are interested in exploring, examining, and defining the past, present, and future of Brooklyn, you can do your own research at BHS in the Othmer Library (Wed. through Fri. 1-5pm or by appointment). In the meantime, here are some examples of how Brooklyn is represented in our collections.

In the late 1960s/early 1970s Newsweek photojournalist/photographer Bernard Gotfryd shot these photographs of East New York, Crown Heights, and Fort Greene.

Kids in window, East New York. Photograph by Bernard Gotfryd, circa 1965. From the Bernard Gotfryd color slides and photographs, V1987.003 (Object ID # V1987.3.6)

 

Clean laundry, Crown Heights. Photograph by Bernard Gotfryd, circa 1965. From the Bernard Gotfryd color slides and photographs (V1987.003; Object ID #1987.3.17)

 

Street scene, Fort Greene. Photograph by Bernard Gotfryd, circa 1965. From the Bernard Gotfryd color slides and photographs (V1987.003; Object ID #1987.3.14)

Baseball seems to be in the blood of Brooklynites. Our collections definitely support this.

Actor, professional athlete, and Brooklyn son Chuck Connors (1921-1991) played baseball for the Bay Ridge Celtics before he went on to play for the Montreal Royals (the Dodgers minor league affiliate team at the time), the Brooklyn Dodgers, the Los Angeles Angels (then still a farm team), and the Chicago Cubs. (Oh yeah, he also played professional basketball for the Boston Celtics the first year the team was established in 1946…all before he went on to have a 40 year career as an actor).

Chuck Connors in his Bay Ridge Celtics uniform at Ebbets Field, 1938. From the Chuck Connors photographs (V1987.012; Object ID #V1987.12.9)

Ralph Irving Lloyd (1865-1969) was a Brooklyn ophthalmologist (actually, quite renowned in the field) and, lucky for us, a really good amateur photographer who took this early photograph of Brooklyn baseball.

Chicago v. Brooklyn. Albert Peter "Lefty" Leifield pitching, ball in air, circa 1912. From the Ralph Irving Lloyd lantern slides (V1981.015; Object ID #V1981.15.204)

The BHS archival collections contain many great family collections that tell of Brooklyn from each family’s individual and unique perspective. The Mulford family lived in the Prospect-Lefferts Gardens neighborhood at 240 Hawthorne Street (the house is still there). Their family photograph collection dates from circa 1880 to 1930 and, of course, includes a baseball photo or two or three.

Oldest Mulford son (?) in his Kensington AC baseball uniform, circa 1900. From the Mulford family photograph collection (V1974.010; Object ID #V1974.10.68)

You can view these photographs and many others via our image database in the library. Some photographs are available online (with more to come), and there is the rest of our approximately 2000 linear feet of archival collections to research. Come, explore, research, examine, define…”cause we live in Brooklyn, baby.”

Introducing College Students to the Joys of Archival Research

Faculty learning about library policies. Photo taken by SAFA Intern Alison Bunis

This past week, Brooklyn Historical Society hosted a week-long institute for eighteen college professors participating in the Students and Faculty in the Archives project (SAFA).

As regular readers may remember, this spring BHS commenced the SAFA project, thanks to funding from the U.S. Department of Education’s Fund for the Improvement of Post-Secondary Education (FIPSE). For the next five semesters, SAFA partner faculty from St. Francis College, Long Island University Brooklyn Campus, and New York City College of Technology will bring their first year students to BHS’s Othmer Library to immerse them in our rich historical collections. This upcoming year alone, over 800 students will hone their research and critical thinking skills by working with newspapers, broadsides, slave indentures, maps, atlases, pamphlets, correspondence, diaries, and many other archival materials housed here at BHS.

At the end of the three-year project, BHS will have created a replicable pedagogical model for collaboration between archives and institutions of higher learning. We’ll also have exposed thousands of first-year college students to the joys of archival research.

Before these students descend upon BHS, the SAFA staff (Outreach and Public Services Archivist Robin M. Katz and me, BHS Public Historian Julie Golia) wanted to give partner faculty some time to design their classes and to get to know our collections.  During the Summer Institute, we gave faculty ample research time in Othmer Library.  There they pored over hundreds of different documents.  We were blown away by their ideas, and by the creative ways they are using our collections.

Archivist Matthew Gorham teaches SAFA faculty about searching our catalogs. Photo taken by Robin Katz.

St. Francis College professor Athena Devlin, for example, is using the decade of the 1860s as a lens to introduce her American Studies students to a myriad of materials: diaries, personal correspondence, political broadsides, and much more. Professor Devlin found our recently published Civil War Subject Guide a great help.  In particular, the correspondences between Brooklyn soldiers and their families in collections like the Cranston Papers will allow students a personal glimpse into life in camp and on the home front.

City Tech professor Peter Catapano, teaching American History since 1877, has a long list of subjects that he needs to address in his survey course. He decided to focus on the history of theater in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century Brooklyn. During their visit, Professor Catapano and his students will examine issues of the turn-of-the-century theater periodical The Opera Glass and contextualize the locations of theaters with our rich map collection.

Leah Dilworth, professor of English at LIU Brooklyn, is teaching Rubbish!, a course that will chronicle the cultural and material history of garbage. One of the collections that Professor Dilworth and her students will use this fall is the Arnie Goldwag Brooklyn Congress of Racial Equality Collection. When we think of the Civil Rights Movement of the 1960s, our minds go to segregation and sit-ins before they go to garbage. But the inequitable collection of waste in neighborhoods with large non-white populations was a key issue championed by Brooklyn CORE.

These are just three of the inventive courses that our faculty began designing during our SAFA Summer Institute. As the students visit our archive in the fall, we’ll report back about their experiences. In the meantime, we hope you’ll be inspired by the SAFA experience and visit Othmer Library to do some archival research of your own.

Who’s a Brooklynite? Oral Histories from Inventing Brooklyn

Inventing Brooklyn Postcard FINAL2Inventing Brooklyn: People, Places, Progress, now open at Brooklyn Historical Society, traces the evolution of Brooklyn into the place we know today. From Native American roots and lasting Dutch colonial influences to icons such as the Brooklyn Bridge and the Dodgers, Inventing Brooklyn looks at how various peoples, places, and historical events have shaped the development of the borough. 

Brooklyn’s diversity has long been a point of local pride and continues to define the borough today.  The oral histories featured in the exhibit speak to the diversity of Brooklyn’s people, neighborhoods, and many immigrant experiences. 

Paul Mak  was born in Hong Kong and immigrated here with his family.  He is the founder of the Brooklyn Chinese-American Association, which serves the Chinese-American population of Brooklyn, and specifically Sunset Park.  In this clip, Paul recalls his experience at James Madison High School where he witnessed the influx of Chinese immigrants as a student in the 1980s.

8th Avenue Sunset Park Oral History Collection (1993-1994)

Interview date: March 26, 1993

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Encarnacion Armas, a well-educated and well-traveled resident of Brooklyn, describes her involvement with the Puerto Rican community in Brooklyn in the 1940s.  In this clip, Armas reminisces about moving to Bay Ridge as a teenager and shares her experiences serving the Puerto Rican community.

Puerto Rican Oral History Project (1973-1976)

Interview Date: October 21, 1974

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Milton Wurtzel  was born in Manhattan and grew up in the Bronx and in Stuyvesant Heights, Brooklyn on Kosciusko Street. Wurtzel worked at Lieberman Shoe Factory as a foreman and at a slipper factory before he began his job as a welder at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. In this clip, Wurtzel discusses the ethnic diversity at the Navy Yard during the 1940s.

Brooklyn Navy Yard Oral History Project (ongoing)

Interview Date: February 12, 2009

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Inventing Brooklyn: People, Places, Progress was created by the high school students in Brooklyn Historical Society’s Exhibition Laboratory program.  From archival research to writing labels to selecting these oral history clips, the 2011 Ex Lab students worked closely with BHS staff, consulting historians, and professional exhibit designers over the course of the spring in order to make Inventing Brooklyn come to life.

BHS Celebrates Loving Day All Year

ROY

Brooklyn Dodger Roy Campanella with his Italian American father & African American mother; Jet Magazine, June 11, 1953

Sunday, June 12th is Loving Day, a celebration commemorating the landmark Supreme Court decision Loving v. Virginia (1967) that legalized interracial marriage in the United States.

BHS will be celebrating mixed-heritage families all year with Crossing Borders, Bridging Generations (CBBG) a public programming series and oral history project about mixed-heritage families, race, ethnicity, culture, and identity, infused with historical perspective.

Forty-four years ago, interracially married couples faced prosecution and jail time, or violence, if they happened to cross into one of 16 states that prohibited and punished marriages on the basis of racial classifications. Fifty-nine years ago, anti-miscegenation laws were on the books in 30 states. Eighty-one years ago, in 1930, the Hays Code forbade portrayals of interracial romance, curtailing the careers of actors of color like Anna May Wong who could no longer play the romantic leads. In Germany in 1935, The Nuremberg Laws were introduced that prohibited marriage between Jewish Germans and other Germans. The only other nation to legislate against intermarriage was Apartheid South Africa in 1949. While interfaith marriages were not legally proscribed in the U.S., interfaith and interclass marriages often met with opposition from family and community.

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Are You Related to Royals?

The Afianced

William & Kate

I’m totally excited for the Royal Wedding.  And despite being a Revolutionary War buff, I plan to be among the 1-2 billion people across the globe who will happily tune in to watch on April 29th.

To prepare for the wedding, I’m excited to attend a talk given by Pearl Duncan here at the Brooklyn Historical Society on Wednesday, April 27th at 7pm.  Pearl Duncan will describe how she used family nicknames and oral history to begin tracing her ancestry from the U.S. and Jamaica to the Akan people of Ghana and Scottish nobles related to royals.

It’s a great genealogical Golden_Krust_1239736941journey!

Pearl will play with ideas of mixed marriage: interracial ancestry and William and Kate’s Royal + “commoner” marriage.  And there will be free food provided by Golden Krust Caribbean Bakery!

This is the first program in a new series Crossing Borders, Bridging Generations, a series of public conversations about mixed-heritage families, race, ethnicity, culture, and identity, infused with historical perspective.

Thanks to funding provided by New York Council for the Humanities and the National Endowment for the Humanities!

The New York Times featured this event on Friday, April 22!  Also here.

Join us post-wedding on April 30th to hear Suleiman Osman talk about his great new book The Invention of Brownstone Brooklyn: Gentrification and the Search for Authenticity in Postwar Brooklyn.

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