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Brooklyn Navy Yard

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Teens Explore History & Innovation at the Navy Yard

Once again, I’m pleased to introduce a guest post by Fall Education Intern, Stephanie Krom.  Stephanie is a student in the NYU Archives and Public History MA program.  This semester in the Education Department, Stephanie has worked with K-12 students on school tours here at BHS and she has helped facilitate our brand new after school program that debuted at the Brooklyn Navy Yard Center at BLDG 92 this fall, “Teen Innovators.”  The teen innovators will show off their work at the culminating event tonight at BLDG 92, so check out Stephanie’s inside look at the work they have done along the way!

Fall 2012 Education Intern, Stephanie Krom

The Teen Innovators are a group of 9th graders from Benjamin Banneker High School who have been working in a six-week afterschool program at BLDG 92. The Teen Innovators program is designed to teach these students about the sustainability-centered businesses, careers, and culture at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. In my capacity as a graduate intern at Brooklyn Historical Society, I have aided the Teen Innovators’ Educators, Emily Potter-Ndiaye and Tracy Cook-Person, in a few sessions of the Teen Innovators program. Working with Teen Innovators was the first time I have really worked closely with high schoolers (I am most comfortable with elementary school students). Remembering myself in 9th grade, I was nervous about how to relate to students that age. To my pleasant surprise, I had no trouble relating to the Teen Innovators and immediately fell into conversation with them about my college application experience, how I made my career choice, and why I am interested in history.

In particular, I was impressed with the way the Teen Innovators consistently made connections to the “four themes” of their program – the concepts of economics and politics, sustainability, history, and demographics. These four themes were developed by the educators in conjunction with the Teen Innovators, based in part on the main ideas that came out of initial sessions with the Teen Innovators. The four themes, therefore, connect well to the Brooklyn Navy Yard curriculum but were also of some interest to the Teen Innovators before they began their lessons at BLDG 92.

Artist, welder, and Brooklyn Navy Yard tenant, Susan Woods, discusses her work with the Teen Innovators

On Tuesday, November 13, I went with the Teen Innovators to Aswoon Studio, artist and welder Susan Woods’ studio in Building 131 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. Like so many of the businesses at the Navy Yard, Susan’s designs incorporate recycled materials and her entire business model is focused on sustainable, responsible design. The Teen Innovators were impressed by Susan’s studio and, after a short introduction to the space and to the company, immediately jumped in to ask Susan questions about her business. The Teen Innovators came to Aswoon equipped with a worksheet that encouraged them to connect the company’s work to the four themes of the program. The Teens’ questions were right on target. The students are particularly interested in sustainability, which was illustrated in the questions they asked Susan about where she sources her materials from, whether she re-uses materials from old projects, and whether her materials are local. The Teen Innovators were also interested to know whether Susan donates her art to good causes and gives back to the community. In addition, the Teen Innovators were quick to connect Susan’s company to the larger history of Brooklyn Navy Yard – they remembered the pictures they have seen of women during World War II coming to work at the Navy Yard wearing pants, some holding welding gear. As a successful female welder, Susan Woods is, in many ways, their modern-day counterpart in the Brooklyn Navy Yard.

In addition to the four themes, the Teen Innovators are very interested in careers and the process through which people make career choices. The Teens asked Susan, just as they ask every professional they meet through the program, about how she made the choice to pursue a career as an artist/welder. In particular, they are interested in whether the career people thought they would have when they were in high school is the same as the career they ended up having. Like Susan and many other professionals at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, these kids are dreaming big from a young age. If they continue the curiosity and excitement about learning that they have demonstrated during their time at BLDG 92, it seems that there is no reason all of the Teen Innovators can’t also become the owners of successful companies in the Brooklyn Navy Yard one day.

BLDG 92′s Teen Innovators

 

Brooklyn Navy Yard at War

We are very pleased to see Brooklynites Carmela Zuza and Clarence Irving featured in this great video as part of New-York Historical Society’s new exhibition WWII & NYC:

You can see more from this exhibition on The New York Home Front here.

And you can hear full interviews with Clarence Irving and Carmela Zuza and over forty other people who worked in the Brooklyn Navy Yard at BHS in the Othmer Library: Brooklyn Navy Yard Oral History, 2006 – 2011.

Teachers: Bring your students to the Brooklyn Navy Yard Center at BLDG92 and check out the new Ingenious Inventions at the Brooklyn Navy Yard curriculum kit!

Tragedy at Sea: The Sea Witch and Esso Brussels crash in 1973

While going through the Frank J. Trezza Seatrain Shipbuilding collection, I got intrigued by one of the images of a very damaged container ship named the Sea Witch.  This led me to find out more about the ship and what happened.

On June 2, 1973, just after midnight, the SS C.V. Sea Witch, built by Bath Iron Works was leaving New York harbor when the ship lost steering control and collided into the fully loaded tanker SS Esso Brussels, right under the Verrazano Bridge.  The 31,000 barrels of crude oil released from three ruptured tanks ignited and the resulting fire engulfed both ships.  A total of 16 crewmembers and two captains died in the tragedy.  Nearby beaches were polluted and damage to the ships and cargo amounted to about $23 million.

Sea Witch Esso Brussels Crash, 1973, Image no. 730602031; Associated Press Photos Archive.

This article found on the professional mariner website sheds some light into personal accounts of what happened right before the collision and afterward.  Most of the Esso Brussels crew was asleep at this hour of the night.  The mate standing watch did not have much notice, and the crew was alerted with only a two minute warning before impact.  The Sea Witch’s bow rammed into the side of Esso Brussels, and the fire of flaming oil began instantaneously, spreading rapidly.  When the fire boat firefighters arrived minutes after the collision the firefighters could not tell that two ships were involved, because both ships were enveloped in flames.

I also searched for newspaper coverage of the accident from when it happened.  The New York Times had interviewed Albert Ameida, chief engineer of the Sea Witch, after the accident.  The then 53 year-old, a veteran of the sea was in the engine room of the Sea Witch when it sliced into the tanker Esso Brussels and instantly was enveloped in flame.  Mr. Almeida, obeying an instinct he cannot explain, reversed the ship’s engine; the act pulled the Sea Witch back from the pool of fire and made survival of crew members possible (Montgomery, P. L. (1973, June 03). ‘I knew this was my day to die.’ says heroic engineer who saved his shipmates . The New York Times).

The National Transportation Safety Board determined that the probable cause was a mechanical failure in the steering system of the Sea Witch and the lack of adequate and timely action by the crew to control their ship after the failure occurred.   A Department of Transportation Coast Guard report gives very specific details on the accident and technical specifications. This report was the results from the findings by the U.S. Coast Guard Marine Board of Investigations.  The report explains that steering systems on ships are designed in anticipation of certain types of failure, and appropriate alarms and counter-measures are provided.  From the report, “the helmsman on the Sea Witch detected a steering malfunction not because of any alarm or change in the indicator lights on the steering stand, but because he could not bring the ship to the desired heading.”  This means that no one on the bridge had any clues about the malfunction to help them restore steering control in a hurry or to suggest whether the malfunction was correctable on the bridge. When the collision happened, the Sea Witch bored about 40 feet into the hull of the Esso Brussels while suffering only about 20 feet of damage to its own bow.  If the bow of the Sea Witch had not penetrated the hull of the Esso Brussels, there would have been no fire, pollution, or loss of life.  A court case which followed the accident cleared Bath Iron Works of any charges for the failed steering system on Sea Witch, which caused the accident.

In 1977, the Sea Witch was brought into Dry Dock number 3 at the Brooklyn Navy Yard with the intention to rebuild the ship. I recently contacted Frank Trezza to see what his memory was of Seatrain Shipbuilding’s involvement with repairing the ship. Frank confirmed that the Sea Witch was at the Brooklyn Navy Yard and was worked on by Seatrain Shipbuilding.

“The forward deck house which included the deck house was cut free and placed on the rear house. The burners cut completely around the outside of the hull just about 6 inches forward of the engine room bulkhead. The dry dock was filled with water and the section forward of the engine room was towed out of the dry dock. No other work was done on her by Seatrain Shipbuilding, and then she was towed out of the Navy Yard and brought to Red Hook (either Todd’s Yard or Bushey’s Yard), where she stayed for years.”

Seatrain shipbuilding had a $10 million dollar contract to turn the Sea Witch into a stainless steel chemical tanker.  After many years the engine room section with the forward house on top was towed to Newport News in Virginia, it was here that Shipbuilding turned Sea Witch into a chemical carrier.

There is also a chapter in Mr. Trezzza’s book  “Brooklyn Steel-Blood Tenacity” on the Sea Witch.   Frank Trezza took these images of the damaged ship in 1977.

Sea Witch Ship in Dry Dock #3, v1988.21.245; Frank J. Trezza Seatrain Shipbuilding collection, 1988.016; Brooklyn Historical Society.

Damaged Sea Witch ship, 1977, v1988.21.236; Frank J. Trezza Seatrain Shipbuilding collection, 1988.016; Brooklyn Historical Society.

Damaged Sea Witch ship, 1977, v1988.21.227; Frank J. Trezza Seatrain Shipbuilding collection, 1988.016; Brooklyn Historical Society.

Damaged bow of the Sea Witch ship, 1977, v1988.21.225; Frank J. Trezza Seatrain Shipbuilding collection, 1988.016; Brooklyn Historical Society.

Interested in doing your own research using BHS’s collection? Visit BHS’s Othmer Library Wed-Fri, 1:00-5:00 p.m.

 

Brooklyn History Photo of the Week: Seatrain Workers at the Brooklyn Navy Yard

Seatrain workers on a break at the Brooklyn Navy Yard, 1977, V1988.21.130; Frank J. Trezza Brooklyn Navy Yard Collection, ARMS 1988.016, Brooklyn Historical Society.

This photo shows Seatrain Shipbuilding workers on break at the Brooklyn Navy Yard in 1977. This photo was donated by Frank J. Trezza a long-time electrician at the Brooklyn Navy Yard. The Frank J. Trezza Collection contains several hundred color photographs, black and white photographs, color negatives, and black and white negatives, all photographed by Frank J. Trezza during his tenure at the Seatrain Shipbuilding. Though the dates of the collection span from 1861 to 1988, the bulk of the records are from the period 1973-1978, when Mr. Trezza was an employee of Seatrain Shipbuilding. The images offer an inside view of the Navy Yard during the final years of shipbuilding there. Included are landscapes of the Navy Yard and its surrounding area, portraits of fellow Seatrain employees on the job, and images of the ships that were built or repaired at the Navy Yard during this time. There are also a few copy prints obtained from the National Archives that depict ships built at the Navy Yard from the mid-nineteenth century to the mid-twentieth century.

Interested in seeing more photos from BHS’s collection? Visit our online image gallery, which includes a selection of our images. To search our entire collection of images visit BHS’s Othmer Library Wed-Fri, 1:00-5:00 p.m.

More Brooklyn Navy Yard!

Courtesy of John Cloud and NOAA Central Library, below is an image of the Navy Yard and Wallabout Bay in 1845. According to Cloud, “The gap between 1827 and 1900 was a time when the U.S. Coast Survey was most active in mapping New York Bay and Harbor and the Environs, as they put it.”

Below “is a crop from the Survey’s first published charts of New York, Sheets 1 through 4 in 1844, and Sheets 5 and 6 in 1845. We particularly like how the Survey was attempting to differentiate agriculture in Brooklyn down to symbolizing different crops and farming row techniques in different ways.”

Detail from: New York Bay and Environs. No. 6. US Coast Survey. 1845. NOAA Central Library.